自动导引小车是一种以电池为动力，装有非接触式导向装置的无人驾驶自动运输车。自动导引小车是主要功能是，在计算机控制下，通过复杂的路径将物料按一定的停位精度输送到指定的位置上。
The Automatic Guided Vehicle (AGV) is a battery-powered, unmanned automatic transport vehicle equipped with a non-contact guiding device. The main function of the AGV is that, under the control of the computer, the material is transported to the designated position with a certain parking accuracy through a complex path.
自动导引小车AGV的发展现状：
20世纪50年代中期，Barret公司设计出无人驾驶卡车，也就是自动导引小车AGV的最早雏形。后来，美国物料搬运研究所将其定义为自动导引小车AGV，它是可充电的无人驾驶小车，可根据路径和定位情况编程，而且行走的路线可以改变和扩展。据报导，到1960年时，欧洲就安装了各种型号不同水平的自动搬运车系统，使用了13,000多台AGV。1959年AGV开始用于仓库自动化和工厂作业中。日本也从这时开始引进AGV技术。日本是使用这种车辆最多的国家，在20世纪80年代末，拥有各种类型的自动搬运车超过一万台，其生产厂家达47家，广泛应用于汽车制造、机械、电子、钢铁、化工、医药、印刷、仓储、运输业和商业上。
20世纪70年代，AGV作为生产组成部分进入了生产系统，并得到了迅速发展。1973年，瑞典VOLVO公司在KALMAR轿车厂的装配线上大量采用了AGV进行计算机控制装配作业，扩大了AGV的使用范围。
The development status of AGV:
In the mid-1950s, Barret designed a driverless truck, the earliest prototype of an automatic guided vehicle AGV. Later, the American Institute of Materials Handling defined it as an automatic guided car AGV, which is a rechargeable driverless car that can be programmed according to the path and positioning, and the walking route can be changed and expanded. According to reports, by 1960, various models and levels of automatic truck systems were installed in Europe, using more than 13,000 AGVs. AGVs began to be used in warehouse automation and factory operations in 1959. Japan also began to introduce AGV technology from this time. Japan is the country that uses the most such vehicles. At the end of the 1980s, there were more than 10,000 automatic trucks of various types, and there were 47 manufacturers, which were widely used in automobile manufacturing, machinery, electronics, steel, chemical industry. , medicine, printing, warehousing, transportation and commerce.
In the 1970s, AGV entered the production system as a production component and developed rapidly. In 1973, the Swedish VOLVO company adopted a large number of AGVs on the assembly line of the KALMAR car factory for computer-controlled assembly operations, expanding the use of AGVs.
自动导引小车AGV在AS/RS中的作用：
控制台通过计算机网络接受立体仓库管理系统下达的AGV输送任务，通过无线局域网通讯系统实时采集各AGV、拆箱机器人的状态信息。根据需求情况和当前AGV运行情况，将调度命令传递给选定的AGV。AGV完成一次运输任务，在托盘回收站待命，等待下次任务。
各立体库出货口和拆箱机器人处均有光导通讯装置。对运行中的AGV，控制台将通过无线局域网通讯系统与AGV交换信息，实现AGV问的避碰调度、工作状态检测、任务调度。在立体仓库和拆箱机器人处通过光导通讯与AGV交换任务和状态，完成移载。
自动导航系统完成AGV的导引。充电系统由充电器和充电控制器组成，完成在线快速自动充电。AGV接受控制台的任务，完成运输。地面移载设备可实现AGV的自动移载、加载、交换空托盘。
The role of AGV in AS/RS:
The console accepts the AGV conveyance task issued by the three-dimensional warehouse management system through the computer network, and collects the status information of each AGV and the unpacking robot in real time through the wireless local area network communication system. According to the demand situation and the current AGV operation situation, the scheduling command is delivered to the selected AGV. The AGV completes a transportation task, stands by at the pallet recycling station, and waits for the next task.
There are optical communication devices at the outlet of each three-dimensional warehouse and the unpacking robot. For the running AGV, the console will exchange information with the AGV through the wireless local area network communication system to realize the collision avoidance scheduling, working status detection and task scheduling of the AGV. At the three-dimensional warehouse and the unpacking robot, the task and status are exchanged with the AGV through optical communication to complete the transfer.
The automatic navigation system completes the guidance of the AGV. The charging system consists of a charger and a charging controller to complete online fast and automatic charging. The AGV accepts the task of the console and completes the transportation. The ground transfer equipment can realize the automatic transfer, loading and exchange of empty pallets of AGV.
铽罗（上海）机器人科技有限公司自主研发的激光叉车AGV
自动导引小车AGV的组成：
AGV由以下各部分组成：车体、蓄电池、车上充电装置、控制系统、驱动装置、转向装置、精确定位装置、移载机构、通信单元和导引系统组成。
The composition of AGV:
AGV consists of the following parts: car body, battery, on-board charging device, control system, drive device, steering device, precise positioning device, transfer mechanism, communication unit and guidance system.
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